Narcotics poisoning.
The Indian hemp (hashish, the plan) – narcotic stupefying means. It is used for chewing, smoking and intake for the purpose of original intoxication. Toxic action is bound to oppression of the central excitatory system.
Symptoms. In the beginning psychomotor excitation, dilating of pupils, noise in ears, bright visual hallucinations (vision of flowers, the big spaces), fast change of thoughts, laughter, ease of movements are characteristic. Then there come the general delicacy, slackness, whining mood and a long penetrating sleep with retardation of sphygmus and body temperature depressing.
Treatment. A stomach lavage at poison reception inside. At heavy excitation – aminazine (1-2 ml of 2,5 % of solution) it is intramuscular.
Nicotine - tobacco alkaloid. A lethal dose – 0,05
Symptoms: at poison hit inside in a mouth, behind a breast bone and in the field of a gaste – the sense of an itch, fields of cutaneous coverings are lost by sensitivity, dizziness, a headache, sight and audition distress. Dilating of pupils, Pallor of the person, saliva allocation, repeated vomiting. A short wind with the complicated expiration, tachycardia, wrong sphygmus, fibrillar twitchings of separate bunches of muscles with development of the general klopiko-tonic spasms. During spasms increase of arterial pressure with its subsequent falling is observed. Consciousness loss. Irritation of mucosas. The mors comes at the phenomena of a paralysis of a respiratory centre and respiratory muscles. Cardiac arrest in a diastole. At reception of toxic doses the poisoning pattern educes quickly.
Treatment. Inside absorbent coal, then an abundant lavage of a stomach potassium hypermanganate solution (1:1000), salt laxative. Cardiovascular means (caffeine). Novocaine with glucose in vein it is trickling, magnesium Zinci sulfas intramuscularly, a Dimedrol under a skin. At spasms with difficulty of breath – 2,5 % tiopental-sodium solution on 5-10 ml in a vein sluggishly with intervals of 20-30 secs before knocking over of spasms or 1 % a saline solution.
At unsuccessfulness of these actions – dethyline (or other similar drugs) in a vein with the subsequent artificial hardware breath. At infringement of a warm rhythm of phylum of a tachycardia – warm glycosides, at heavy retardation of sphygmus – atropine and solution of chloride of calcium intravenously. Therapy by oxygen.
Morphine bunch. A lethal dose: 0,1-0,2 g inside.
Symptoms. At intake or intravenous introduction of toxic doses of drugs the coma, for which characteristicly significant narrowing of pupils with photoharmose weakening educes. Characteristicly
Primary oppression of a respiratory centre – a breath paralysis even at a superficial coma or at conserved consciousness of the patient (at a poisoning with methylmorphine). Probably also significant falling of arterial pressure. The mors comes as a result of oppression of activity of a respiratory centre.
First aid: a stomach lavage warm solutions of potassium permanganate (as it oxidizs morphine) with absorbent coal gaining, salt laxative. Not to yield venenate to sleep, hot baths with cold perfusions, grinding. On a head, to arms and hot-water bottle feet.
Treatment. Repeated lavages of a stomach, even at intravenous introduction of morphine. The forced diuresis. Cardiovascular means under indications. Antibiotics. Therapy by vitamins. Artificial ventilation of lungs. cocaine detox drug kit